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Understanding How the TXV Controls the SystemĪs the thermostatic expansion valve regulates the rate at which liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator, it maintains a proper supply of refrigerant by matching this flow rate against how quickly the refrigerant evaporates (boils off) in the evaporator coil. Trying to use the TXV to control any of these system variables will lead to poor system performance – and possible compressor failure.
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Contrary to what you may have heard, the TXV is not designed to control: The thermostatic expansion valve controls one thing only: the rate of flow of liquid refrigerant into the evaporator. Liquid refrigerant enters the valve under high pressure via the system’s liquid line, but its pressure is reduced when the TXV limits the amount of this liquid refrigerant entering the evaporator. One of the design features of the TXV is to separate the high pressure and low pressure sides of an air conditioning system. This controlled flow is necessary to maximize the efficiency of the evaporator while preventing excess liquid refrigerant from returning to the compressor (floodback). The thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) is a precision device, which is designed to regulate the rate at which liquid refrigerant flows into the evaporator. It is now extremely important for the HVAC technician to understand the design and operation of this type of valve. Since the minimum efficiency regulation changed to 13 SEER in January 2006, most OEM systems now incorporate a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) style metering device as the standard for air conditioning systems.
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Originally published on JUnderstanding TXVs